Importance of Sleep to the Athlete

While attending the Ontario Sport 4 Life “Shaking The Foundations” conference in November 2010 in Markham, Ontario, it was interesting that with all the experts speaking about physiology, psychology, paradigm shifts, nutrition, coaching, hormonal cycles, long term athlete development (LTAD), that the number one cog in the athlete sustenance wheel was the importance of sleep, according to LTAD expert Istvan Balyi.

Sleep. It’s something we do at the end of each day. Still, it’s the one thing that is always sacrificed no matter what level of athlete you are. How is it that something so important in daily human physical and mental repair is so underestimated? For the most part we all spend most of our days in a very large sleep debt, which affects such areas as cognitive function, mood, fitness, general health and reaction times.

Optimal environment elements affecting how well we sleep include the light, temperature and noise in our bedrooms, along with dedicating the time to getting enough quality sleep. So embrace the importance of crawling into the flannelette pasture so that your body can do its maintenance work.

For more information on sleep, which won’t put you to sleep, please review these articles or contact SIRC.

Health Benefits of Sleep

Importance of Sleep for the Young Athlete

Importance of Sleep to the Endurance Athlete

Davenne, D. (2009). Sleep of athletes - problems and possible solutions. Biological Rhythm Research, 40(1), 45-52.

Noland, H., Price, J., Dake, J., & Telljohann, S. (2009). Adolescents’ Sleep Behaviors and Perceptions of Sleep. Journal of School Health, 79(5), 224-230.

Tufts University Health & Nutrition Letter (2007) A Wake-Up Call on Sleep and Health. Tufts University Health & Nutrition Letter, 15260143, 24(12).

Williams, A. (2010). Recovery Nutrition - Sleep, Eat, Train, Recover, Repeat. Coaches Plan/Plan du Coach, 17(2), 20-23.

Waterhouse, J.; Atkinson, G.; Edwards, B.; Reilly, T.,(2007) The role of a short post-lunch nap in improving cognitive, motor, and sprint performance in participants with partial sleep deprivation. Journal of Sports Sciences, 25(14), 1557-1656.

Conquer competition anxiety and harness it for success

Everyone of us has experienced anxiety at one point in our lives, sweaty palms, 'butterflies' in your stomach, your heart starts to pound and you think "I can't do this." Anxiety in athletes usually occurs during high stress moments, competitions, performance evaluations, and fears of re-injury. The good news is there are many ways in which an athlete can take these feelings and use them to their
advantage. The first step is knowing what you're dealing with:

Somatic Anxiety - When a person feels anxious, they will experience physical changes in their bodies triggered by the adrenaline that is produced to meet a 'fight or flight' response. Symptoms include: changes in respiration and heart rate, difficulty breathing, increased muscle tension, dizziness, and stomach upset.

Cognitive Anxiety - As the title suggests, cognitive anxiety is the way an athlete typically thinks about themselves, others and the world. It is not the situation they find ourselves in, it is how they perceive it. This type of anxiety typically involves thoughts of self-doubt, worry, fear and threat. Common negative thoughts begin with, "I can't, or I won't."

Here are some strategies to try before and during competition:

• Follow a routine - Athletes and coaches can work together to find a set of flexible routines they can implement that address specific situations. 'Going through the motions' can have a relaxing effect on the brain, it will recognize that you have done this before and can do it again. 
• Identify negative thoughts - and challenge them before they become deeply embedded into your psyche.
• Practice positive self-talk - Use constructive thought patterns by telling yourself that the sensations you feel indicate that you're excited and engaged about the upcoming competition.
• Set realistic goals - If performance goals are too ambitious, you're bound to panic and burn out. Use visualization techniques to imagine situations in which you are challenged in an event, and then imagine overcoming these challenges.
• Anxiety can provide motivation - Focus on your preparedness; this is a psychological assurance that an athlete is arriving at the competition well trained, nourished and rested.

Preparation and practice is key in fighting those competition day jitters so that an athlete can take those feelings as a signal that challenges them to tackle the task at hand.

References from the SIRC Collection:

1. Beattie S, Hardy L, Woodman T. Precompetition Self-Confidence: The Role of the Self. Journal Of Sport & Exercise Psychology. September 2004;26(3):427-441.
2. Englert C, Bertrams A. Anxiety, Ego Depletion, and Sports Performance. Journal Of Sport & Exercise Psychology. October 2012;34(5):580-599.  
3. Fox A. FEAR OF FAILURE IN THE CONTEXT OF COMPETITIVE SPORT. Soccer Journal. November 2008;53(7):24-28.
4. Oudejans R, Kuijpers W, Kooijman C, Bakker F. Thoughts and attention of athletes under pressure: skill-focus or performance worries?. Anxiety, Stress & Coping. January 2011;24(1):59-73.
5. Peden A. How anxiety affects tennis performance. Coaching & Sport Science Review (Spanish Version). December 2010;18(52):9-11.
6. Rebel R, Competition and anxiety and elite athletes debilitative or facilitative?. HP SIRCuit. Winter 2013;1(1):16-18. 
7. Skinner N, Brewer N. Adaptive Approaches to Competition: Challenge Appraisals and Positive Emotion. Journal Of Sport & Exercise Psychology. June 2004;26(2):283-305.
8. Surgent F. How to Limit, and Even Use, Your Anxiety During a Race. Running & Fitnews . June 2007;25(4):2-4.